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USING THE SIMSTAT COMMAND LANGUAGE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ ITRODUCTION ~~~~~~~~~~~ While SIMSTAT pulldown menus and open panels allow you to do almost everything you need, it is also possible to perform analysis using the SIMSTAT batch command language. But, why should you bother using this the script language if you can do all you need with the user interface? First, using the script language allows you to keep track of what you did in your analysis. This may prove very useful if you want to come back later and inspect what you did or if you have to provide to someone else a detailed description of your analyses. The second advantage, is that it allows you to automate statistical processing of your data files. Often, you will have to perform identical series of analysis on the same data file on several occasions such as every month or every year. It may become easier and faster to resubmit the same script file than to remember all what you did and do it again with the menus and dialog boxes. You may also want to perform similar analyses on different data files. In that situation, modifying an existing script file may be more efficient than starting from scratch. Another reason to use the script language is that you may want to write sets of procedures that would be executed by someone else less familiar with statistics or with the operation of SIMSTAT. But SIMSTAT's script language goes beyond the simple automation of statistical analysis and provides some commands that allows to write interactive tutorials, demonstration programs or even applications to be used by someone else. Those special commands let you to display textual information, wait for a key to be pressed, ask questions, construct bouncing bar menus, play music, etc.. This script language also provides some new capabilities not available through menus and option panels such as the ability to set graphs' options (title, axis labels and scales, etc.) prior to an analysis. SIMSTAT script files are plain text files and can be created and edited from outside the program using almost any word processor. A script file must have an extension of .SCR before it will be recognized by SIMSTAT. When using a word processor, make sure that you save the script file as a plain ASCII file. Script files can also be created and edited from within SIMSTAT using the same external text editor used to edit ASCII data files. SIMSTAT can also execute encrypted and compressed script files with an .SCX extension. Once you have developed a program, you may want to prevent other from altering your source file or simply hide its content. One reason would be to make sure that no one else will commercialize your entire program or parts of it under their own name. It may also be useful to prevent unauthorized changes to the original program or, in the context of computer assisted instruction, it may be useful to prevent students to cheat by looking at your code. A small utility program called SCR2SCX provided with the registered version of SIMSTAT allows the user to create a special file (.SCX) which contain an encrypted and compressed version of the original program (.SCR). The resulting file will be about 30% smaller than the original file and may be run from within SIMSTAT just as any other script file. However, it can no longer be viewed or edited either form within SIMSTAT or from an external editor. The SIMSTAT script language currently provides more than 60 built in commands. You will find below the various commands and keywords and detailed information about the syntax requirement. OPEN ~~~~ The OPEN command is used to select an existing script file. This command pulls down a window that lists all script files and subdirectories. Using the arrow keys, position the highlighted bar on the file you want to use, then press the <Enter> to open it. If the file is not in the default directory, you can navigate through directories by highlighting a subdirectory and pressing <Enter> to change to that directory. To open a script file on a different drive, press <F3> and select the appropriate drive letter. NEW ~~~ The NEW command allows you to create a new script file. When this command is chosen, the program asks for a file name without extension (the .SCR extension is automatically added to the filename). If a file with that name already exists on the disk, SIMSTAT will ask if you wish to replace it. By default, the script file is created in the default directory. Enter the full path name to store it in another directory. EDIT ~~~~ The EDIT option allows you to edit the current script file. If no script file is currently selected, the program will display the file listing windows allowing you to choose a script file to edit. SIMSTAT uses the same text editor than the one used to edit ASCII data files. If your copy of SIMSTAT is not properly configured to access an external text editor, you will need to provide the name and location of such a program (see I/O Options). While SIMSTAT does not provide its own editor, most recent DOS versions come with such a program (usually named EDIT.EXE or EDIT.COM). There are also many excellent shareware text editors such as QEDIT, BOXER or VISED that provide more advance features such as macros, multiple document editing, speller, etc.. RUN ~~~ The RUN command is used to execute a script file. If there is no script file currently selected, the program will display a directory listing showing all the script files available. Use the cursor keys to move the highlighted bar through the list and press the <Enter> key to run the highlighted file. If a script file is already selected, its name will appear beside the RUN command. Selecting this command will immediately execute the file. It is always possible to stop the execution of the program by pressing the <Esc> key. A dialog box will appear giving you the choice to stop or resume the execution of the program. You can also run a SIMSTAT script file directly from the DOS prompt by typing the name of the program as the first parameter. For example, the following command: SIMSTAT DEMO.SCR will automatically start executing the commands included in the DEMO.SCR script file. RECORD ON/OFF ~~~~~~~~~~~~~ When activated, this feature will automatically generate proper commands corresponding to the action you undertake using the menus and options panels and save them in the currently selected script file. To activate this feature, select the RECORD option from the COMMAND SCRIPT menu. The "Rec" keyword should appear on the status line. From now on, almost everything you do will be recorded by SIMSTAT in the active script file. To desactivate this feature, perform the same steps a second time. You can also press the <Shift-F8> key combination to toggle the RECORD script feature on and off. The extensive correspondence between the commands/keywords and the options available through the panels greatly facilitates the learning of the script language syntax. However, the easiest way for a beginner to write but also to become familiar with this syntax and the various keywords is to use the RECORD script feature. You can experiment by performing some analysis and looking closely at the commands generated. This feature is also an efficient method to write script files rapidly and easily. GENERAL COMMAND STRUCTURE ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ This section presents the elements used to present the syntax conventions of the various commands and options. Unless specified otherwise, you can type commands and options in either uppercase or lowercase letters. You will find below a short description of those elements. UPPERCASE Items in capital letters are keywords. Keywords are a required part of the statement syntax, unless they are enclosed in brackets or specified as optional. You may shorten commands to the first four letters. The only exceptions are the BOOTSTRAP1 and BOOTSTRAP2. lowercase Items in lowercase are placeholders for information you must supply in the statement. Several types of information can be required such as: variable A single variable name. varlist One or several variable names. A set of consecutive variables can be designated by typing the first and last variable names separated by two dots (..). For example the DEPRES1..DEPRES29 expression refers to all the variables in the active file starting from DEPRES1 up to, and including DEPRES29. A variable list can span over several lines. filename A filename with a valid extension. By default the file is assumed to reside in the starting directory. To refer to a file in another location, specify the full path name. integer / int Integer value. You can either use an equal sign '=' between the option and the integer or put the integer between parenthesis. real Real value. May be entered as either normal or scientific notation, and can be put after an equal sign or between parenthesis. color A keyword representing a color. Valid keywords are: BLACK DARKGRAY BLUE LIGHTBLUE GREEN LIGTHGREEN CYAN LIGHTCYAN RED LIGHTRED MAGENTA LIGHTMAGENTA BROWN YELLOW LIGHTGRAY WHITE string A string of alphabetical as well as numeric character. Some commands require the string to be enclosed between quotation marks ("). [ ] Items inside square brackets are optional. | A vertical bar indicates a choice between two or more items. item, ... A horizontal three-dot ellipsis means more of the preceding items can be used in a single-line statement. keyword A vertical three-dot ellipsis is used to . indicate block-structured statements. Textual . information can be put between the beginning . and end of the block. ending keyword * Comments can be inserted anywhere in the file by placing an asterisk as the first character. {} Comments can also be included anywhere within a command by enclosing them between braces. PANEL The PANEL keyword can be used with almost any statistical analysis command to display the options panel associated with the command, allowing the user to change any option before performing the analysis. ; The ';' character is used as a command terminator. Each command must end with the ';' character. : A colon at the beginning of a line indicates the presence of a label. (see the GOTO command) / The slash '/' character is used to separate the various options from the command and the variables. While only one slash is required, it is also possible to include more slashed to visually separate various groups of options. It is always possible to spread a long command on several lines or even insert blank lines within a command. The semi-colon ';' character is always used to indicate the end of the command. SIMSTAT provides ten numeric ($NUM0 to $NUM9) and alphanumeric ($STR0 to $STR9) variables that can be set by the user with the GETNUM and GETSTR commands. Those variable's names can be inserted in other commands. When a variable's name is encountered within a command, it is automatically replaced by the value stored in that variable. ONE LINE DESCRIPTION OF COMMANDS ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ GLOBAL VARIABLES: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ $ANSWER Stores the last key pressed in response to a BOX or QBOX command. $ITEM Stores the item number selected by the user from a bouncing bar menu (see MENU command). $MONO Boolean variable which become true if a monochrome system is detected or if SIMSTAT was started with the /M switch. $NUM0..$NUM9 Predefined numeric variables (see GETNUM command). $STR0..$STR9 Predefined string variables (see GETSTR command). FILE/DATA COMMANDS: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ DATA / ENDDATA Defines variables and values to be analyzed. OPEN Reads a data file. SELECT Selects cases for analysis upon a logical expression. WEIGHT Selects/unselects a weighting variable. GRAPH Sets or overrides graph's default options. TITLE Specifies the title that appears at the top of analyses. USER INTERFACE COMMANDS: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ BOX / ENDBOX Displays a window with textual information. IBOX / ENDBOX Displays a permanent window with textual information. QBOX Displays a single line message/question. CLS Clears the screen. ECHO Displays a string to the screen, disk and/or printer. MENU / ENDMENU Displays a bouncing bar menu. SOUND Generates a sound through the computer's speaker. SET Changes various I/O options. FLOW CONTROL COMMANDS: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ IF Carries out a command based on a specified condition. GOTO Branches to another part of the program defined by a label. GOSUB / RETURN Branches to and returns from a subroutine. CALL Runs another script program and returns. RUN Runs another script program (no return). SHELL Runs an external program or temporarily shell to DOS. PAUSE Temporarily stops a program until a key is pressed. QUIT Quits SIMSTAT. STOP Stops the script and returns to the SIMSTAT menu. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS COMMANDS: ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ BINOMIAL Binomial test BOOTSTRAP1 Univariate bootstrap analysis BOOTSTRAP2 Bivariate bootstrap analysis BREAKDOWN Breakdown analysis CHISQUARE Chi-square one sample test CORRELATION Correlation matrix CROSSTAB Contingency crosstabulation DESC Descriptive analysis FULL Full analysis on bootstrap samples FREQUENCY Frequency analysis FRIEDMAN Friedman test GLMANOVA GLM analysis of variance and covariance. INTERRATERS Interraters crosstabulation KRUSKAL Kruskal-Wallis Anova KS1 Kolmogorov-Smirnov one sample test KS2 Kolmogorov-Smirnov two sample test LIST Listing of data LOGISTIC Logistic regression MANN Mann-Whitney U, Wilcoxon W test MCNEMAR McNemar test MEDIAN Median test MOSES Moses test of extreme reactions MRESPONSE Multiple responses analysis MULTREG Multiple regression analysis NPAR Nonparametric association matrix ONEWAY Oneway analysis of variance REGRESSION Linear & nonlinear regression analysis RELIABILITY Reliability analysis SCED Single case experimental design RANDOM Random bivariate bootstrap analysis RUNS Runs test SENSITIVITY Sensitivity analysis (ROC curves) SIGN Sign test T-TEST T-Test (independent and paired) TIME-SERIES Time-series analysis WILCOXON Wilcoxon signed rank test COMMAND SYNTAX ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BINOMIAL varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The BINOMIAL test allows you to assess whether the observed number of cases in a dichotomous variable is the same as that expected from a specified binomial distribution. The observations can be divided either below or above the mean, the median or a user-specified cutoff value. Alternatively, the analysis can also be restricted to cases equal to two specified values. The user can also specify the test proportion. Options: Cutoff value VALUE (real [,real]) Cuttoff value / values of X | MEAN Mean | MEDIAN Median PROPORTION (real) Test proportion (from 0 to 1) PANEL Displays the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BOOTSTRAP1 varlist [/ options]; Description: BOOTSTRAP1 performs bootstrap simulation to estimate the distribution of descriptive statistics in a population (e.g. mean, median, variance). The program draws a specified number of observations from the sample and computes the estimator for the subsample. This procedure is performed many times (10 to 20,000 times). The options allow you to display information about the estimator distribution including descriptive statistics, frequency table, percentile table and histogram of the estimator distribution. The program also computes nonparametric and bias corrected bootstrap confidence intervals. Options: SIZE=integer Size of each sample SAMPLING=integer Number of sampling SEED=integer Initial seed value Choice of estimator MEAN Mean | VARIANCE Variance | STDDEV Standard deviation | STDERR Standard error | MEDIAN Median | KURTOSIS Kurtosis | SKEWNESS Skewness DESC Descriptive statistics INTERVAL=real Confidence intervals PTILES=integer Percentile table HISTO Histogram VERT | HORIZ Orientation (text only) MIN=real Minimum value INC=real Increment value NBAR=integer Nb of bars/intervals NORMAL Normal curve PANEL Displays the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BOOTSTRAP2 varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The BOOTSTRAP2 command performs bootstrap resampling to estimate the distribution of various estimators in a given population (e.g. correlation, Tau-b). The program draws a specified number of pairs of observations from the sample and computes the estimator for the subsample. This procedure is performed many times (10 to 20,000 times). The options allow you to display information about the estimator distribution including descriptive statistics, frequency table, percentile table and histogram of the estimator distribution. The program also computes nonparametric and bias corrected bootstrap confidence intervals, and the power rate of the estimator for 3 to 4 alpha levels. Options: SIZE=integer Size of each sample SAMPLING=integer Number of sampling SEED=integer Initial seed value Choice of statistics TAU-A Kendall's Tau-A | TAU-B Kendall's Tau-B | TAU-C Kendall-Stuart's Tau-C | D-SYM Somer's D symmetric | D-XDEP Somer's D (X dependent) | D-YDEP Somer's D (Y dependent) | GAMMA Gamma | RHO Spearman's Rho | R Pearson's r | SLOPE Regression slope | INTERCEPT Regression intercept | S-T Student's T | S-F Student's F | M-W Mann-Withney | WILCOXON Wilcoxon (W value) | SIGN Sign test (Z value) | K-W Kruskal-Wallis | MEDIAN Median test (Z value) DESC Descriptive statistics INTERVAL=real Confidence interval PTILES Percentile table HISTO [=T | =G] Histogram VERT | HORIZ Orientation MIN=real Minimum value INC=real Increment value NBAR=integer Nb of bars/intervals NORMAL Normal curve POWER=real Statistical power analysis PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BOX [Options] . . . ENBOX; Description: The BOX command displays a window with textual information. By default the window is positioned in the middle of the screen. The COL and ROW options can also be used to specify the position of the window's upper left corner. The window stays on screen until a key is pressed. The KEY option can be use to restrict the valid input to specific keys (letters or number). The key pressed is stored in a variable named $ANSWER (see the IF command). The DELAY option allows you to insert a minimum delay between the display of the box and the input of a valid key. The colors of the box can be altered using the COLOR option. The default colors can also be changed by using the SET COLOR command. Options: KEY=string of char Valid keys DELAY=integer Length of delay (msec) ROW=integer Row of upper left corner COL=integer Column of upper left corner COLOR color ON color Foreground/background color - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BREAKDOWN varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The BREAKDOWN command computes descriptive statistics for various sub-groups within the entire sample. Statistics are computed for each variable on the first list of variable, within groups defined by the values of the second list (grouping or independent variables). This command also allows you to obtain a multiple Box-&-Whiskers plots that can be used to compare the distribution of the dependent variable among several sub-groups. Options: DETAIL Detailed statistics RANGE (int, int) Range of X BOXPLOT [=T | =G] Box-&-Whiskers plot PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - BROWSE; Description: This procedure calls the browsing feature of SIMSTAT and allows the user to review the previous results. The execution of the program resume when the user presses the ESC key. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CALL commandfile; Description: This procedure executes another batch program. After executing the external batch file, the program continues at the statement following the CALL command (see also RUN). If no extension is provided, the ".CMD" extension is automatically added to the command file name. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CHISQUARE varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The CHISQUARE command performs a one-sample chi- square test that allows to assess whether there is a difference between the observed number of cases in various categories and the expected frequencies in those same categories. The options allow you to restrict the test to specific values and to specify the expected frequencies. Options: VALUES (real real ...) Excepted values FREQ (real real ...) Expected frequencies PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CLS; Description: Clear the screen. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CORRELATION varlist [BY varlist] [/ options]; Description: The CORRELATION command produces a matrix of Pearson correlation coefficients for all pairs of dependent-independent variables. If only one list of variables is specified, the procedure produces a square matrix where each variable is treated as dependent and independent. You can request either exact probabilities for the coefficients or a display of asterisks that indicate the probability levels attained. You can also tell the program to calculate probabilities using one- or two-tailed tests, to compute confidence intervals of specified width and to display a cross-product deviation and covariance tables. A graphic scatterplot can also be obtained with or without regression lines. Options: EXACT Exact probabilities / cases 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of the test Deletion of missing values PAIRWISE Pairwise | LISTWISE Listwise CCSS Cross-product dev. & covar. CI=integer Confidence interval (width) XYPLOT Scatterplot matrix TREND Display regression lines PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - CROSSTAB varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The CROSSTAB command computes a contingency table for two variables where rows represent all the independent variable (x) values while the columns represent all the dependent (y) variable values. The options allow you to include various statistics in the table and obtain measures of association for nominal level (chi-square, phi, contingency coefficient) and ordinal level (gamma, tau-b, tau-c, Somer's d, etc.) variables. It also allows you to display a 3-d barchart of the two variables. Options: Sort table by FREQ Ascending frequency | DFREQ Descending frequency | VALUE Ascending value | DVALUE Descending value TABLE=string Display table (content) STAT=string choice of statistics BARCHART 3-D barchart PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - DATA . . . ENDDATA; Description: The DATA command allows you to define data to be analyzed by specifying variable's names and values. The first line must contain the variable's name, while the remaining lines hold the data. SIMSTAT writes the embedded information in a temporary ASCII file until the ENDDATA keyword is encountered and automatically opens it for analysis. For more information on the proper format to use, see information on ASCII files format. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - DELAY integer; Description: The DELAY command causes a delay in a program for a specified number of milliseconds. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - DESC varlist; Description: The DESC command displays the mean, standard deviation, minimum and maximum values of each specified variable. To obtain other descriptive statistics such as the variance, skewness, kurtosis, mode, median, etc., see the FREQUENCY command. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ECHO string; Description: The ECHO command sends a string to the screen, listing file, and/or the printer. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FULL [/ options] command [/ options]; Description: The FULL command allows you to perform various statistical analyses such as frequency analysis, crosstabulation or multiple regression on successive bootstrap samples. The first set of options allows you set the sample size and the number of samplings to be drawn from the original sample. A second set allows you to specify which analysis to perform and set the options normally available when calling the chosen statistical procedure. This second set of options allows to control how the analysis is to be performed and what statistics are to be printed. Options: SIZE=integer Size of each sample SAMPLING=integer Number of sampling SEED=integer Initial seed value PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FREQUENCY varlist [/ options]; Description: The FREQUENCY command performs various frequency and descriptive analysis on specified variables. This command also provides a choice of graphs for either categorical or numeric variables. Options: TABLE | NOTABLE Table of frequency FREQ | VALUE Sort table by frequency/value DESC Descriptive statistics CI=integer Confidence interval width PTILES=integer Percentiles table BARCHART [=T | =G] Bar chart PIE Pie chart PARETO Pareto chart BOXPLOT [=T | =G] Box-&-whiskers plot CUMUL Cumulative frequency plot PPLOT Normal probability plot HISTO [=T | =G] Histogram VERT | HORIZ Orientation NBAR=integer Number of bars/intervals MIN=real Minimum value INC=real Increment/width NORMAL Normal curve PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - FRIEDMAN varlist; Description: The FRIEDMAN test is a procedure for testing whether two or more related samples have been drawn from the same population. The output displays the mean rank of each variable, the number of cases, chi-square, degree of freedom and probability value. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GETNUM [$NUMn] "sting" [options]; Description: The GETNUM command allows you to get a numeric value from the user and store the result in one of the 10 predefined numeric variables (from $NUM0 to $NUM9). If no variable is specified, the value is stored in the variable named $NUM0. When a value is already stored in the specified variable, it will be presented as the default value to the user. Use the CLEAR option to erase this value. You can restrict the valid range of responses by using the MIN and/or the MAX options. By default, the number of decimal displayed is set to 0 and user's input is restricted to integer values. The DEC option can be used to alter the number of decimal places to display. The LEN option can also be used to increase or decrease the maximum length of input. By default the dialog box is positioned in the center of the screen. However, the COL and ROW options can be used to specify the position of the box's upper left corner. While the length of the prompt string is restricted to 60 characters, it is also possible to display more detailed information by using the IBOX command. When a variable's name is encountered in another command, it is automatically replaced by the value stored in that variable. Options: $NUMn Store in $NUM0 to $NUM9 (n stands for single digit number between 0 and 9) MIN=real Minimum value MAX=real Maximum value DEC=integer Number of decimal places LEN=integer Maximum length of value ROW=real Row of upper left corner COL=real Column of upper left corner CLEAR Clear previous value Examples: GETNUM "Sample size : " $NUM2 MIN=0 MAX=100 ROW=10 DEC=4; GETNUM "What is your age? " $NUM2 MIN=1 MAX=99; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GETSTR "sting" [options]; Description: The GETSTR command allows you to get a string value from the user and store the result in one of the 10 predefined string variables (from $STR0 to $STR9). If no variable is specified, the value is stored in the variable named $STR0. When a value is already stored in the specified variable, it will be presented as the default value to the user. Use the CLEAR option to erase this value. The LEN option can also be used to increase or decrease the maximum length of input. By default the dialog box is positioned in the center of the screen. However, the COL and ROW options can be used to specify the position of the box's upper left corner. While the length of the prompt string is restricted to 60 characters, it is also possible to display more detailed information by using the IBOX command. When a variable's name is encountered in another command, it is automatically replaced by the value stored in that variable. Options: $STRn Store in $NUM0 to $NUM9 (n stands for single digit number between 0 and 9) ROW=integer Row of upper left corner COL=integer Column of upper left corner CLEAR Clears previous value Examples: GETSTR "What is your name? " $STR1 CLEAR; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GLMANOVA varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The GLMANOVA command provides a General Linear Model implementation of analysis of variance and covariance. It can handle balanced and unbalanced ANOVA designs and support models with categorical and/or quantitative variables. The procedure can also be used to perform standard multiple regression problems that involve interaction terms. Various adjustment methods for unequal cell size are provided including a hierarchical strategy where the user can set the order of entry of each variable in the model. The various options allow you to display standard tables as well as various outputs usually found in ANOVA/ ANCOVA or multiple regression analyses. Options: COVAR (varlist) Quantitative variables INTERACTION (var*var*... Interactions. [var*var*...] ...) STEP Show statistics at each step MULTREG Multiple regression statistics EQUATION Regression equation CI=integer Confidence interval MEAN Adjusted means CHANGE Test of changes in R square CPLOT Residuals caseplot OUTLIERS=real Outliers criterion (s.d.) RPLOT [=T | =G] Residuals scatterplot PPLOT Residuals normality plot SAVE Save predicted and residuals Adjustment method REGRESSION Regression approach | NONEXP Nonexperimental | HIERARCHICAL Hierarchical ORDER (varlist) (varlist) Order of entry (hierachical) [... > (varlist)] (All variables enumerated after the > character are entered with the interactions) PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GOTO label; Description: This command branches to another part of the program and continue processing the commands at that point. The line that the program is to switch is marked with a label preceded by a colon (:). Example: GOTO JanuaryStat; :JanuaryStat; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GOSUB label; / RETURN; Description: This command branches to another part of the program and continue processing the commands at that point until the RETURN keyword is encountered. The program then continues execution at the statement following the GOSUB command; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - GRAPH [options]; Description: The GRAPH command allows you to set or override graphs' default options. Options: 3D ON | OFF Bar depth GRIDX ON | OFF Horizontal grid GRIDY ON | OFF Vertical grid SCALEX value,value Horizontal axis limits SCALEY value,value Vertical axis limits TITLE "string" Title string LABELX "string" Horizontal axis string LABELY "string" Vertical axis string - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IBOX [Options] . . . ENBOX; Description: This command displays a window with textual information. The window stays on screen until a menu (see MENU), a box (see BOX and QBOX), or a dialog (see GETNUM or GETSTR) is created and removed. This command is useful to display additional information on screen. By default, the window is positioned in the center of the screen. The COL and ROW options can also be used to specify the position of the window's upper left corner. The colors of the box can be altered using the COLOR option. The default colors can also be changed by using the SET COLOR command. Options: COLOR color ON color Foreground/background color ROW=integer Row of upper left corner COL=integer Column of upper left corner - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - IF expression [THEN] command; Description: The IF command allows to specify a condition that must be met for a command to be carried out. If the condition if true, the command is executed. If the condition is false, the command is ignored. The $ANSWER variable refers to the last key pressed in response to a text box obtained by the BOX or the QBOX commands. The $ITEM option refers to the menu item number selected by the user from a menu produced by the MENU command. The $MONO boolean is true if a monochrome system is detected or if SIMSTAT was started with the /M switch. It is also possible to check specific values against the numeric (i.e. $NUM0 to $NUM9) or alphanumeric (i.e. $STR0 to $STR9) variables entered by the user. When used with the GOTO command, this command can increase the flexibility of the program by allowing to switch to different parts of the program under certain conditions. Valid expressions: $ANSWER =, <, >, <>, <=, => character $ITEM =, <, >, <>, <=, => number $NUMn =, <, >, <>, <=, => number $STRn =, <> "string" $MONO Examples: IF $ANSWER = Q STOP; IF $MONO SET COLOR WHITE ON BLACK; IF $ITEM = 3 GOTO TUTORIAL; IF $NUM1 >= 10 GOSUB ERROR; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - INTERRATERS varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The INTERRATERS command produces an inter-rater agreement table that consists of a square table where rows and columns contain the same categories used in both variables. Seven different inter-rater agreement measures are also printed with the table. Options: Sort table by... FREQ Ascending frequency | DFREQ Descending frequency | VALUE Ascending value | DVALUE Descending value TABLE=string Display table (content) BARCHART 3-D Barchart PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - KRUSKAL varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The KRUSKAL command performs a Kruskal-Wallis one-way analysis of variance by ranks is a procedure for testing whether k number of groups have been drawn from the same population. This test is a nonparametric version of the one-way analysis of variance. The output displays the number of valid cases, the mean rank of the variable in each group, chi-square and its probability with a correction for ties. Options: RANGE (int, int) Range of X - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - KS1 varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The KS1 command (Kolmogorov-Smirnov one-sample test) compares the distribution of each variable against a standard normal distribution or a uniform distribution. It tests whether the sample data can reasonably be thought to have come from a population having this theoretical distribution. Options: Type of distribution NORMAL Normal distribution | UNIFORM Uniform distribution VALUES (real, real) Mean and standard deviation of a normal distribution or minimum and maximum of a uniform distribution PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - KS2 varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The KS2 command (Kolmogorov-Smirnov two-sample test) evaluates whether a dependent variable (Y) has the same distribution in two independent samples as defined by a grouping variable (X). This test is sensitive to differences in the shape, location, and scale of the two sample distributions. Options: VALUES (int, int) Values of independent variable PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LIST varlist [/ N=integer]; Description: The LIST command displays a listing of the values of the specified variables. The N option can be use to restrict the listing to the first N cases in the file. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - LOGISTIC varlist [/ options]; *** REQUIRES THE REGISTERED VERSION *** Description: The LOGISTIC command fits a multiple logistic regression model on a binary response variable with one or several explanatory variables. Output includes the likelihood ratio statistic for overall significance, parameter estimates, exponentiated parameter estimates (which are the odds ratios corresponding to a unit change in the independent variables), Wald statistics for assessing the effects of independent variables, and confidence intervals for the regression parameters. Options: VALUES (integer,integer) Values of success and failure NOCONSTANT Exclude constant in the model ITER Show iterations CTABLE Classification table LRATIO Likelihood ratio statistics CI=real Confidence interval width TOLERANCE=real Tolerance level INTERACTION var*var Intercation terms [var*var*...] - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MANN varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The MANN command produces a Mann-Whitney U test that evaluates the hypothesis that two independent samples have the same distribution. The Mann-Whitney U is the nonparametric version of the t-test for independent samples. This test is performed on the dependent variable divided into two groups as defined by values of the independent (grouping) variable. The probability test performed can be either one- or two-tailed. Options: VALUES (int,int) Values of independent variable 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of test PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MCNEMAR varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The McNEMAR test is a procedure applied to a pair of correlated dichotomous variables to test whether there is a significant difference in proportions of subjects that change from one category to another. A binomial test is used to compute the significance level when the number of changes is less than 10. Otherwise, a chi-square statistic with the Yates correction for continuity is used. Options: VALUES (int,int) Values of independent variable 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of the test PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MEDIAN varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The MEDIAN test is a procedure to test whether two or more independent groups differ in central tendencies. It tests the likelihood that those groups were drawn from populations with the same median. The output displays the number of cases greater than, less than, and equal to the median for each category of the grouping variable. Also displayed are the median, chi-square, degree of freedom and probability value. Options: EXTENDED Extended median test VALUES (int, int) Values or range of X PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MENU [options] . . . ENDMENU; Description: The MENU command allows you to define a bouncing bar menu. The maximum number of items is 20 and the maximum length of each menu option is 30 characters. An optional '&' character can be inserted in the command file to specify a key that, when pressed will select this item. The ROW and COL options are use to specify the position of the menu's upperleft corner. If no ROW or COL is specified, the menu will be positioned in the middle of the screen. The item selected is stored in the $ITEM variable (see IF command). Options: ROW=integer Row of upper left corner COL=integer Column of upper left corner Example: MENU &Open &Save s&Ave as &Quit ENDMENU; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MOSES varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The MOSES test of extreme reactions tests whether the range of an ordinal variable is the same in a control group as in a comparison group, as defined by a grouping variable. The output includes counts for both groups, number of outliers removed, the span of the control group before and after outliers are removed, and one-tailed probability of the span with and without outliers. By default, 5% of the cases are trimmed from each end of the range of the control group to remove outliers. Options: VALUES (int, int) Values of independent variable OUTLIERS=integer Number of outliers to remove PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MRESPONSE [MULTX, MULTY] analysis Description: The MRESPONSE (multiple response) command allows you to obtain frequency analyses and crosstabulation analyses on variables which can legitimately have more than one response. These multiple responses are stored in as many variables as necessary. Choosing all these variables as dependent (X) or independent (Y) variables allows you to gather all these responses and treat them as if they were stored in a single variable. Options: MULTX Treat X as multiple responses MULTY Treat Y as multiple responses PANEL Display the options panel FREQ varlist [/ options]; CROSSTAB varlist BY varlist [/ options]; - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - MULTREG varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The MULREG command allows you to perform multiple regression analysis to predict a dependent variable from many independent variables. SIMSTAT provides various regression methods including standard regression, hierarchical entry, forward selection, backward selection, stepwise selection. The options also allow you to display a wide range of statistics and perform various test on residual values. Options: Type of regression HIERARCHICAL Hierarchical entry | FORWARD Forward selection | BACKWARD Backward elimination | STEPWISE Stepwise selection | STANDARD Enter all variables PIN=real P value to enter POUT=real P value to remove TOLERANCE=real Minimum tolerance value STEP Show each step ANOVA Anova table CHANGE Test of changes in R-square HISTORY History of changes in R SUMMARY Summary anova table EQUATION Variables in the equation OUT Variables not in the equation CI=integer Width of confidence interval CPLOT Casewise plot of residuals OUTLIERS=real Outliers criterion (s.d.) RPLOT [=T | =G] Residuals scatterplot PPLOT Normal plot of residuals SAVE Save predicted and residuals PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - NONLIN varlist / . . {any nonlin commands} . END; Description: The NONLIN command allows to perform nonlinear multiple regression (requires NONLIN v3.0 or later and SIM2NL v2.0). SIMSTAT will automatically transfert the specified variables from the current data file to NONLIN. You may write almost any NONLIN commands between the '/' delimiter and the END keyword just like you would do when running NONLIN as a standalone program. However, the VARIABLES command is not needed anymore and should not be used. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - NPAR varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The NPAR command displays a matrix for various measures of associations and concordance between two variables. The options allow to obtain count and exact probability of each coefficient or asterisks that show the probability level reached. This probability test can be either one- or two-tailed. Options: Type of statistics TAU-A Kendall's Tau-a | TAU-B Kendall's Tau-b | TAU-C Kendall-Stuart's Tau-C | D-SYM Somer's D (symmetric) | D-XDEP Somer's D (X dependent) | D-YDEP Somer's D (Y dependent) | GAMMA Gamma | RHO Spearman's Rho | R Pearson's R EXACT Exact probabilities 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of test Deletion of missing values PAIRWISE Pairwise | LISTWISE Listwise PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - ONEWAY varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The ONEWAY command performs a one-way analysis of variance for all dependent variables on groups defined by each categorical (numeric) independent variable. It allows testing whether the means of the groups (2 or more) are not all equal to each other. ONEWAY provides one-way variance analysis and a standard a table including between and within groups sums of squares, mean squares, and degrees of freedom, F-ratio and its associated probability. You can also obtain for each group, descriptive statistics including count, mean, standard deviation, standard error and a user-specified confidence interval for the mean. Various measures of effect size and post hoc comparison can also be obtained as well as various graphs such as a barchart representing the mean of each group, an error bar diagram or a deviation chart where each bar represents either the standard deviation, the standard error or a user specified confidence interval. Options: RANGE (int,int) Minimum and maximum values DESC Descriptive statistics CI=integer Confidence interval width Post hoc test LSD Least significant difference | N-K Newman-Keuls | TUKEY Tukey's H.S.D | SCHEFFE Scheffé test BARCHART Barchart of cells mean CIBAR Confidence interval | SE Standard error | SD Standard deviation ERRORCHART Error bar graph CIBAR Confidence interval | SE Standard error | SD Standard deviation DEVCHART Deviation chart PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - OPEN filename; Description: The OPEN command reads a data file. SIMSTAT recognizes five different file formats: 1) SPSS/PC+ system files (.SYS or .SPS); 2) SPSS for Windows data file (.SAV); 3) dBASE III and IV files (.DBF); 4) LOTUS 1-2-3 files (.WKS or .WK1); 5) ASCII data files (.DAT, .TXT, or .CSV). - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - PAUSE; Description: The PAUSE command momentarily stops a program until a key is pressed. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - QBOX "string" KEY=string of characters [options]; Description: The QBOX command allows you to display a single line message or question to the screen. By default the window is positioned in the middle of the screen. The COL and ROW options can also be used to specify the position of the window's upper left corner. The window stays on screen until a key is pressed. The KEY option can be use to restrict the valid input to specific keys (letters or number). The key pressed is stored in a variable named $ANSWER. The DELAY option allows you to insert a minimum delay between the display of the box and the input of a valid key. The colors of the box can be altered using the COLOR option. The default colors can also be changed by using the SET COLOR command. Options: KEY=string of char Valid keys COLOR color ON color Foreground/background color DELAY=integer Length of delay ROW=integer Row of upper left corner COL=integer Column of upper left corner - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - QUIT Description: This command takes you out of the SIMSTAT program. All opened files are closed before exiting the program. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - REGRESSION varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The REGRESSION command produces simple regression analysis for each pair of dependent-independent variables. SIMSTAT lets you choose among linear and 6 type of nonlinear regression. The output includes the Pearson product-moment correlations, the intercept and slope of the regression line, and an ANOVA table for the equation. Various options allow you to obtain a bivariate scatterplot, to select a one- or two-tailed test of probabilities and to request a standardized residuals caseplot, a scatterplot of predicted values by standardize residuals or a normal probability plot of residuals. Options: Type of regression LINEAR Linear regression | QUADRATIC Quadratic regression | CUBIC Cubic regression | 4TH 4th degree polynomial | 5TH 5th degree polynomial | INV Inverse regression | LOG Logarithmic regression | EXP Exponential regression 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of test XYPLOT [=T | =G] Bivariate scatterplot CI=integer Confidence interval width CPLOT Caseplot of residuals OUTLIERS=real Outliers criterion (s.d.) RPLOT [=T | =G] Residuals scatterplot PPLOT Probability plot of residuals SAVE Save predicted and residuals PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - RELIABILITY varlist [BY varlist] [/ options]; Description: The RELIABILITY command provides a means to test the quality of multiple-item additive scales through the computation of reliability statistics. The options available offer the possibility to obtain various item statistics, iter-item variance-covariance and correlation matrices, total scale and item-total statistics. It also allows you to verify the reliability of the scale through the use of a split-half method or by computing internal consistency measures. Each selected variable is considered as a single item of the scale. The first and second lists or variables can be used to specify the division of items in two different subscales to be used in a split-half method. Options: ITEM Item statistics CORR Inter-item correlation matrix COVAR Variance/covariance matrix TOTAL Item-total statistics SPLIT Split-half reliability ALPHA Cronbach's Alpha PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - RANDOM varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The RANDOM command is similar to the BOOTSTRAP2 command but makes the null assumption that there is no difference or relation in the population. The program draws from the sample and for each variable a specified number of random observations with replacement and computes the estimator for the subsample. The procedure is performed many times (10 to 20,000 times). The options allow you to display information about the estimator distribution including descriptive statistics, frequency table, percentile table and histogram of the estimator distribution. The program also computes nonparametric and bias corrected bootstrap confidence intervals and type I error rate for up to 4 alpha levels. Options: SIZE=integer Size of each sample SAMPLING=integer Number of sampling SEED=integer Initial seed value Choice of statistics TAU-A Kendall's Tau-A | TAU-B Kendall's Tau-B | TAU-C Kendall-Stuart's Tau-C | D-SYM Somer's D symmetric | D-XDEP Somer's D (X dependent) | D-YDEP Somer's D (Y dependent) | GAMMA Gamma | RHO Spearman's Rho | R Pearson's r | SLOPE Regression slope | INTERCEPT Regression intercept | S-T Student's T | S-F Student's F | M-W Mann-Withney | WILCOXON Wilcoxon (W value) | SIGN Sign test (Z value) | K-W Kruskal-Wallis | MEDIAN Median test (Z value) DESC Descriptive statistics INTERVAL=real Confidence interval PTILES Percentile table HISTO [=T | =G] Histogram VERT | HORIZ Orientation MIN=real Minimum value INC=real Increment value NBAR=integer Nb of bars/intervals NORMAL Normal curve ERRORRATE=real Type I error rate PANEL Displays the options panels - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - RUN commandfile; Description: The RUN command stops the execution of the current batch program to run another batch file. (see also the CALL command) If no extension is provided, the ".CMD" extension is automatically added to the command file name. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - RUNS varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The RUNS test is a procedure to test whether the ordered sequence in which observations were obtained is random. In order to be performed, such a test requires that all values be dichotomized into two categories. The options allow you to separate observations into two distinct groups using the mean, the median or a user-specified value as a cutoff point. Options: Type of cuttoff point MEAN Mean | MEDIAN Median | VALUE Value VALUES (int, int) Values of X PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SCED varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The SCED (single case experimental design) command provides some basic tools to study the effect of an intervention on the behavior of a single subject. It involves the repeated objective measurement of the behavior of a single subject (dependent variable) over a long period of time interspersed with changes in the treatment condition (independent variable). The procedure will display a graph representing the evolution of the dependent variable (Y) at various phases defined by the independent (X) variable. The various options allow you to obtain various statistics for each phase of the analysis as well as various graphic tools that can be used as judgemental aids to identify the experimental effect of the intervention (smoothed data, split-middle trend, control bars). Options: BRIEF | DETAIL Descriptive statistics CUMUL Cumulative frequency LOG Log transformation TREND Split-middle trend lines Smoothing technique MAVG (int int ...) Moving average | RMED (int int ...) Running median RBAR Control bars PCT=integer Width of interval MIN=integer Lower value MAX=integer Higher value PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SELECT [string]; Description: The SELECT command allows you to temporarily selects cases according to some logical conditions. You can use this command to restrict your analysis to a subsample of cases or to temporarily exclude some subjects. These conditions are specified in a logical expression that may consist of a simple expression or include many expressions related by logical operators (AND, OR, XOR). The selection stays effective until the logical expression is changed or the selection deactivated. When used alone, this command deactivates the previous selection. Examples: SELECT (AGE > 10) OR (SEX = 1); SELECT; {deactivate the previous selection} - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SENSITIVITY varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The SENSITIVITY analysis allows one to assess the ability of a quantitative measure (X) to differentiate a dichotomous criterion condition (Y) and provide guidelines to choose an appropriate cutoff point. The program provides for each value of the quantitative measure the level of sensitivity (proportion of positive cases correctly diagnosed as true) and specificity (proportion of negative cases correctly diagnosed as false), and the percentage of false-positives and false-negatives. This command also allows you to obtains a ROC (receiver operating characteristic) curve and an Error rate graph. Options: VALUE=real Criterion value HIGH Scale orientation (ascending) SSTAT Sensitivity statistics ESTAT Error rates statistics ROC Roc curve graph ERROR Error rates graph PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SET [options]; Description: The SET command allows you to specify various program configuration features, control the output of analysis to disk and the printer, and set the default values use by some statistical analysis. Options: COLOR color ON color Foreground/background color 1TAIL | 2TAIL Default direction of test SOUND ON | OFF Play sounds, beep on error FORMFEED ON | OFF Formfeed after each analysis LINEFEED ON | OFF Linefeed after carriage return ASCII ON | OFF Extended ASCII to printer MORE ON | OFF Pause after each screen PRINTER ON | OFF Open/close printer log LISTING filename Specify the listing filename DISK ON | OFF Open/close disk log - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SHELL [string]; Description: The SHELL command temporarily suspends the execution of the batch program to run a DOS program or a batch file. When used alone, the SHELL command invokes a DOS shell allowing the user to execute DOS commands or other programs. Use the EXIT command to resume your program. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SIGN varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The SIGN test procedure tests the hypothesis that two variables have the same distribution. This is assessed by comparison of the numbers of positive and negative differences between the two variables. The probability test performed can be either one- or two-tailed. Options: 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of the test PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - SOUND [options]; Description: The SOUND command generates a sound through the computer's speakers. When used alone, this command generates a short sound of 220 hertz during 1 second. Another frequency in hertz can be specified by providing a value between 1 through 32,767. The duration can be set in millisecond between 1 and 30000 (30 seconds). Setting the duration to 0 millisecond generates a sound that will continue until another SOUND command is issued or until turned off by a SOUND OFF command. Options: OFF Turn the speaker off F=integer Frequency in hertz D=integer Duration in millisecond - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - STOP Description: Immediately stops the batch command and return to the SIMSTAT user interface. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - TITLE string; Description: The TITLE option is used to specify a title line that will be printed at the top of each analysis. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - T-TEST varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The T-TEST command calculates either independent- sample t-tests (GROUP) or paired-sample t-tests (PAIRED) to decide whether two sample means are significantly different. The paired-sample (or correlated) t-test compares the means between each pair of dependent and independent variables. The independent t-test compares means on the dependent variable for two groups defined by values of the independent variable. SIMSTAT provides two distinct tests to take into account whether the two populations from which the samples are drawn have equal or unequal variances. You can also specify whether the null hypothesis should be evaluated using a one- or a two-tailed test. Options: GROUP | PAIRED Grouped or paired t-test VALUE (int, int) Values of X CI=integer Confidence interval width 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of the test BARCHART Barchart CIBAR Confidence interval | SE Standard error | SD Standard deviation ERRORCHART Error bar graph CIBAR Confidence interval | SE Standard error | SD Standard deviation HISTO Dual histogram NBAR=integer Number of bars VERTICAL Vertical orientation NORMAL Normal curve PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - TIME-SERIES varlist [/ options]; Description: The TIME-SERIES command allows the examination of time series. The options offer various transformations to remove trends or seasonal dependence in a series and provides a diagnostic for those transformations by displaying autocorrelation and partial autocorrelation function plots of the transformed series. This command also allows the application of two smoothing methods (i.e. moving average and running median) to identify trends in noisy time series data. Control bars representing the mean and the confidence limits can also be displayed over the series. Options: LOG Log transformation MEAN Remove the mean DIFF=integer Number of differencing SEASON=integer Length of seasonnality PLOT [=T | =G] Plot the series ACF Autocorrelation function PACF Partial autocorrelation function LAG=integer Nb of lags for ACF and PACF Type of smoothing MAVG (int int...) Moving average | RMED (int int...) Running median RBAR Control bars PCT=integer Width of interval LOW=integer Lower value HIGH=integer Higher value PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WEIGHT [variable]; Description: The WEIGHT command allows you to designate a weighting variable. When used alone, the weighting if turned off. - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - WILCOXON varlist BY varlist [/ options]; Description: The WILCOXON matched-pairs signed-ranks test is a procedure used to test whether two related samples have been drawn from the same population. Like the sign test, it computes the difference between the two variables but takes into account the magnitude as well as the direction of the differences. The Wilcoxon signed-ranks test is the nonparametric version of the t-test for paired samples. The probability test performed can be either one- or two-tailed. Options: 1TAIL | 2TAIL Direction of the test PANEL Display the options panel - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -